PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ASSESSMENT OF ALLIUM HYPSISTUM, ALLIUM PRZEWALSKIANUM AND ALLIUM WALLICHII
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
High altitude plants are tremendously used mostly as food and traditional medicine for their role on prevention and treatment of several diseases. Thus, this study focused on comprehensive analysis of the phyto-constituents and the antioxidant activities of three plants; .Allium hypsistum, Allium przewalskanium, and Allium wallichii. Upon analysis, the phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, terpenoids, steroidal compounds, glycosides, carbohydrates and aminoacids were identified in ethanolic, n-hexane and aqueous extracts of the plant whereas saponins and quinones were not detected at all. Other photochemicals like flavonoids, phenolic compound, and tannins were found in ethanolic and water extracts but not in the n-hexane extract. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using total phenolic content (TPC) and 2, 2-diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. TPC was assayed by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. The phenolic compounds were present in all three types of extracts; however, the highest TPC was estimated only in ethanolic extract of A. hypsistum i.e. 172mgGAE/100g. Among the extracts, ethanol extract of A. hypsistum showed the highest DPPH free radical scavenging property 59.44 %RSA (radical scavenging activity) when compared to the reference molecule ascorbic acid that had 75.11 %RSA. Among selected three plants, both TPC and %RSA revealing the antioxidant activities were found to be higher in A. hypsistum followed by A. prsewalskanium and A. wallichii. Furthermore, relationship between TPC and DPPH activity (%RSA) were established and found weak to strong correlation but they were statistical non-significant. From this study, such findings may help to know chemical constituents and medicinal values of Allium species which may lead to develop new phytomedicines and use of these plants in herbal therapy.
Downloads
Article Details
Transfer of Copyrights
- In the event of publication of the manuscript entitled [INSERT MANUSCRIPT TITLE AND REF NO.] in the Malaysian Journal of Science, I hereby transfer copyrights of the manuscript title, abstract and contents to the Malaysian Journal of Science and the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publisher) for the full legal term of copyright and any renewals thereof throughout the world in any format, and any media for communication.
Conditions of Publication
- I hereby state that this manuscript to be published is an original work, unpublished in any form prior and I have obtained the necessary permission for the reproduction (or am the owner) of any images, illustrations, tables, charts, figures, maps, photographs and other visual materials of whom the copyrights is owned by a third party.
- This manuscript contains no statements that are contradictory to the relevant local and international laws or that infringes on the rights of others.
- I agree to indemnify the Malaysian Journal of Science and the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publisher) in the event of any claims that arise in regards to the above conditions and assume full liability on the published manuscript.
Reviewer’s Responsibilities
- Reviewers must treat the manuscripts received for reviewing process as confidential. It must not be shown or discussed with others without the authorization from the editor of MJS.
- Reviewers assigned must not have conflicts of interest with respect to the original work, the authors of the article or the research funding.
- Reviewers should judge or evaluate the manuscripts objective as possible. The feedback from the reviewers should be express clearly with supporting arguments.
- If the assigned reviewer considers themselves not able to complete the review of the manuscript, they must communicate with the editor, so that the manuscript could be sent to another suitable reviewer.
Copyright: Rights of the Author(s)
- Effective 2007, it will become the policy of the Malaysian Journal of Science (published by the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya) to obtain copyrights of all manuscripts published. This is to facilitate:
(a) Protection against copyright infringement of the manuscript through copyright breaches or piracy.
(b) Timely handling of reproduction requests from authorized third parties that are addressed directly to the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya. - As the author, you may publish the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
You may produce copies of your manuscript, whole or any part thereof, for teaching purposes or to be provided, on individual basis, to fellow researchers. - You may include the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, electronically on a secure network at your affiliated institution, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
- You may include the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, on the World Wide Web, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
- In the event that your manuscript, whole or any part thereof, has been requested to be reproduced, for any purpose or in any form approved by the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers), you will be informed. It is requested that any changes to your contact details (especially e-mail addresses) are made known.
Copyright: Role and responsibility of the Author(s)
- In the event of the manuscript to be published in the Malaysian Journal of Science contains materials copyrighted to others prior, it is the responsibility of current author(s) to obtain written permission from the copyright owner or owners.
- This written permission should be submitted with the proof-copy of the manuscript to be published in the Malaysian Journal of Science
References
Aryal, S., M. K. Baniya, K. Danekhu, P. Kunwar, R. Gurung and N. Koirala (2019). "Total Phenolic Content, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Potential of Wild Vegetables from Western Nepal." Plants 8(4).
B, M., J. D, C. E, N. T, N. Kundal, M. Sarma and P. Kalita (2016). "Phytochemical Analysis of Traditional Medicinal Plants and their Antimicrobial Activity: An Experience from North East India." Open Access Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1: 1-7.
Batiha, G., A. Beshbishy, L. Wasef, Y. Elewa, A. Al-Sagan, M. El-Hack, A. Taha, Y. Abd-Elhakim and H. Devkota (2020). "Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review." Nutrients.
Bhandari, J., B. Muhammad, P. Thapa and B. G. Shrestha (2017). "Study of phytochemical, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties of Allium wallichii." BMC complementary and alternative medicine 17(1): 1-9.
Bhandari, J., B. Muhammad, P. Thapa and B. G. Shrestha (2017). "Study of phytochemical, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties of Allium wallichii." BMC Complement Altern Med 17(1): 102.
Chanda, S. and R. Dave (2009). "In vitro models for antioxidant activity evaluation and some medicinal plants possessing antioxidant properties: An overview." African Journal of Microbiology Research 3: 981-996.
Chen, X., L. Krug, M. Yang, G. Berg and T. Cernava (2021). "The Himalayan Onion (Allium wallichii Kunth) Harbors Unique Spatially Organized Bacterial Communities." 82(4): 909-918.
Chernukha, I., L. Fedulova, E. Vasilevskaya, A. Kulikovskii, N. Kupaeva and E. Kotenkova (2021). "Antioxidant effect of ethanolic onion (Allium cepa) husk extract in ageing rats." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28(5): 2877-2885.
D'Sousa' Costa, C. O., P. R. Ribeiro, M. B. Loureiro, R. C. Simões, R. D. de Castro and L. G. Fernandez (2015). "Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts prepared from different tissues of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi that occurs in the coast of Bahia, Brazil." Pharmacognosy magazine 11(43): 607-614.
Fredotović, Ž., J. Puizina, M. Nazlić, A. Maravić, I. Ljubenkov, B. Soldo, E. Vuko and D. Bajić (2021). "Phytochemical Characterization and Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties of Allium × cornutum Clementi and Two Varieties of Allium cepa L. Peel Extracts." Plants 10(5): 832.
Gross, M. (2021). "All about Allium." Current Biology 31(22): R1449-R1452.
Iqbal, E., K. A. Salim and L. B. L. Lim (2015). "Phytochemical screening, total phenolics and antioxidant activities of bark and leaf extracts of Goniothalamus velutinus (Airy Shaw) from Brunei Darussalam." Journal of King Saud University - Science 27(3): 224-232.
Jalalvand, A. R., M. Zhaleh, S. Goorani, M. M. Zangeneh, N. Seydi, A. Zangeneh and R. Moradi (2019). "Chemical characterization and antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial, and antifungal properties of ethanolic extract of Allium Saralicum RM Fritsch leaves rich in linolenic acid, methyl ester." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 192: 103-112.
Jeba Malar, T. R. J., J. Antonyswamy, P. Vijayaraghavan, Y. Ock Kim, A. A. Al-Ghamdi, M. S. Elshikh, A. A. Hatamleh, M. A. Al-Dosary, S. W. Na and H.-J. Kim (2020). "In-vitro phytochemical and pharmacological bio-efficacy studies on Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Melia azedarach Linn for anticancer activity." Saudi journal of biological sciences 27(2): 682-688.
Krishnaiah, D., R. Sarbatly and R. Nithyanandam (2011). "A review of the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant species." Food and Bioproducts Processing 89(3): 217-233.
Lekshmi, P., V. S, J. S and R. J (2015). "PHYTOCHEMICALS IN ALLIUM SPECIES AND ITS ANALYTICAL METHODS – A REVIEW." International Journal of Institutional Pharmacy and Life Sciences 5: 38-58.
LenkovÁ, M., J. Bystrická, T. Tóth and M. HrstkovÁ (2016). "Evaluation and comparison of the content of total polyphenols and antioxidant activity of selected species of the genus Allium." Journal of Central European Agriculture 17: 1119-1133.
Phan, A. D. T., G. Netzel, P. Chhim, M. E. Netzel and Y. Sultanbawa (2019). "Phytochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity of Australian grown garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars." Foods 8(9): 358.
Ravipati, A. S., L. Zhang, S. R. Koyyalamudi, S. C. Jeong, N. Reddy, J. Bartlett, P. T. Smith, K. Shanmugam, G. Münch, M. J. Wu, M. Satyanarayanan and B. Vysetti (2012). "Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of selected Chinese medicinal plants and their relation with antioxidant content." BMC Complement Altern Med 12: 173.
Roughani, A. and S. M. Miri١ (2019). "Plants, Organic Farming, Natural and Pharmaceutical Ingredients."
Seino, Y., Y. Yamazaki and D. Yabe (2020). "The Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes: The first 10 years and the next 10 years." Journal of Diabetes Investigation 11(5): 1079-1084.
Shrestha, P., S. Adhikari, B. Lamichhane and B. Shrestha (2015). "Phytochemical Screening of the Medicinal Plants of Nepal." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 1: 2319-2399.
Szerlauth, A., S. Muráth, S. Viski and I. Szilagyi (2019). "Radical scavenging activity of plant extracts from improved processing." Heliyon 5(11): e02763.
Yuasa, M., K. Kawabeta, M. Morikawa, M. Iwami and M. Tominaga (2021). "Antioxidant and taste properties of fresh onion (Allium cepa L.) leaves." Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization 15(2): 1083-1091.